ACVIM Consensus Statement on the Management of Status Epilepticus and Cluster Seizures in Dogs and Cats

Introduction

Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening condition characterized by continuous seizure activity for more than 5 minutes or by multiple seizures without full recovery between them.

Cluster seizures are defined as two or more seizures occurring within 24 hours, with incomplete recovery between seizures.

SE and cluster seizures can be caused by a variety of factors, including metabolic abnormalities, toxins, brain tumors, and idiopathic (unknown) causes.

Management of Status Epilepticus and Cluster Seizures in Dogs and Cats

The goal of treatment for SE and cluster seizures is to stop the seizure activity as quickly as possible and to prevent recurrence.

The initial treatment of choice for SE and cluster seizures in dogs and cats is intravenous (IV) diazepam.

If IV diazepam is not effective, other IV anticonvulsant medications may be used, such as phenobarbital, levetiracetam, or propofol.

In some cases, it may be necessary to use a combination of anticonvulsant medications to control SE or cluster seizures.

Conclusion

SE and cluster seizures are serious medical emergencies that require prompt and aggressive treatment. The ACVIM Consensus Statement provides veterinarians with up-to-date guidelines for the management of these conditions.

By following these guidelines, veterinarians can improve the chances of a successful outcome for their patients.